Adderall is a kind of prescription medication used for the treatment of attention deficiency hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. It is a stimulant that consists of a mix of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine that functions to enhance focus levels of energy and concentration. Adderall is efficient for those who require it, but misusing or abusing this drug can cause substantial long-term effects both on physical and mental health.
Let’s learn about the long term side effects of Adderall, such as its effect on the brain, cardiovascular system, mental health, and overall wellness.
Adderall effects on the brain
Adderall functions by enhancing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters have an important role in the regulation of mood, motivation and attention. Using Adderall in the long term can result in many changes in the chemistry and functioning of the brain such as:
- Depletion of dopamine: With time, the use of Adderall can make the brain depend on the drug for producing dopamine. These results in decreased natural levels of dopamine, thereby making it very difficult to feel good without using the drug.
- Cognitive weakening: While Adderall is used for increasing cognitive functioning in the short term, using it for a long period can result in memory issues, difficulty focusing and impaired problem-solving skills.
- Changes in brain structure: Long-term use of Adderall can bring changes in the structure of the brain, specifically in areas that are associated with decision-making and control of impulses. Slowly the brain becomes tolerant to Adderall needing a high dose to attain similar effects. This can result in dependency and in many cases addiction.
Effects on the cardiovascular system
Adderall is a kind of stimulant that enhances the heart rate and also the blood pressure. While using it occasionally under supervision might not pose any substantial risks, using it in the long term can cause
- Increased blood pressure can increase the risk of getting heart disease and stroke.
- Irregular heartbeat as Adderall causes interference with normal heart rhythms, resulting in palpitations and arrhythmias.
- Enhanced risk of heart attack and stroke as the use of stimulants in the long term causes excess strain on the cardiovascular system, causing severe complications like heart attacks as well as strokes.
Effects on mental health
Using Adderall in the long term can have a high effect on mental health, causing issues like:
- Anxiety and panic attacks
- Depression’
- Psychosis
- Mood swings and irritability
Dependence and addiction
One of the highly concerning long-term side effects of Adderall is the high potential of becoming an addiction. Adderall is often classified as a Schedule II controlled substance because of its high potential to be abused. Some of the signs of dependence are
- Requiring high dose: With time, individuals might need a high dose to experience similar effects resulting in tolerance and dependency.
- Withdrawal symptoms: When someone stops using Adderall suddenly, it can cause withdrawal symptoms like fatigue, irritability and trouble sleeping.
- Using compulsively: Some individuals continue making use of Adderall irrespective of the negative consequences, which is a sign of addiction.
- Effect on social and occupational life: One of the long-term effects of Adderall is it starts affecting work, relationships and daily life in several ways such as:
- Stressed relationships: Mood swings, irritation and erratic behavior can cause strain on personal relationships.
Decline in performance
Even if initially Adderall enhances focus, long-term misuse can cause burnout, decreased motivation and cognitive impairments.
- Financial issues: Many individuals might start spending excess amounts of money to obtain Adderall, causing financial issues.
- Legal problems: Misuse or getting Adderall without a prescription can cause legal problems.
Recovering from Adderall’s long-term side effects
For those who are suffering because of the long-term effects of Adderall, recovery is possible if the right approach is taken. Here are a few steps for mitigating these effects:
- Slowly tapering: Decreasing the use of Adderall under medical supervision can assist in lessening the withdrawal symptoms.
- Therapies and counselling: Cognitive behavioural therapy can be efficient in addressing addiction, depression and anxiety about the use of Adderall.
- Lifestyle change: A healthy diet, exercising regularly and the right amount of sleep can assist in the restoration of physical and mental wellness.
- Support groups: There are several support groups available that can offer guidance and encouragement at the time of recovery.
- Alternative treatments for ADHD: Non-stimulant medications and behavioural therapy can be efficient alternatives for the management of ADHD symptoms without the risks associated with the long-term use of the stimulant.
Conclusion
While Adderall can be a good medication for those who are suffering from ADHD and narcolepsy, using it on a long term basis can cause substantial risks. From changes in the chemistry of the brain to cardiovascular problems and also addiction, the potential issues of long-term use of Adderall must not be overlooked.
If you or your loved ones are struggling because of dependency on Adderall, then it’s good to seek professional assistance for recovery and overall wellness. Always make use of Adderall under supervision and the guidance of a healthcare professional to lessen the risks and make sure you are using it safely.
